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JINI
Jini
‘Jini’ (pronounced like genie i.e. ), also called ‘Apache River,’ is a network architecture for the construction of distributed systems in the form of modular co-operating services.
Jini
Originally developed by Sun Microsystems|Sun, Jini was released under an open source license (Apache license).[http://news.cnet.com/Sun-releases-Jini-with-open-source-license/2100-7344_3-5902446.html Sun releases Jini with open-source license] Responsibility for Jini has been transferred to Apache Software Foundation|Apache under the project name River.[http://incubator.apache.org/river/ River project depot] at Apache.org
Jini – History
Sun introduced Jini in July 1998. In November of 1998, Sun announced that there were some firms supporting Jini.
Jini – History
The word ‘jini’ means the devil in Swahili language|Swahili; this is a loan from an Arabic word for a mythological spirit, which is also the origin of the English word ‘genie’.
Jini – History
Jini provides the infrastructure for the Service-object-oriented architecture (SOOA).
Jini – Using a service
Locating services is done through a lookup service
Jini – Limitations
Jini uses a lookup service to broker communication between the client and service. This appears to be a centralized model (though the communication between client and service can be seen as decentralized) that does not scale well to very large systems. However, the lookup service can be horizontally scaled by running multiple instances that listen to the same multicast group.
Java remote method invocation – Jini version
Jini offers a more advanced version of RMI in Java. It functions similarly but provides more advanced searching capabilities and mechanisms for distributed object applications.Taylor, Ian J. From P2P to Web Services and Grids – Peers in a Client/Server World. Springer, 2005
Jinitiator
‘Jinitiator’ is a JVM (Java Virtual Machine) made and distributed by Oracle Corporation. It allows a web enabled Oracle Forms client application to be run inside a web browser. This JVM is called only when a web-based Oracle Applications|Oracle application is accessed. This behavior is implemented by a plugin or an activex control, depending on the browser.
Jinitiator
The first two numbers of the version roughly follow the Sun Java numbering convention. It means that for instance Jinitiator 1.3.1.25 is based upon JDK 1.3 or later.
Jinitiator
The main reason for Oracle to develop Jinitiator was to support Oracle Forms on the web in earlier releases due to bugs in earlier releases of the JDK.
Jinitiator
Since version 10.1.2.0.2 of Forms in 2010, Oracle began working closely with Sun to completely phase out Jinitiator.
Jinitiator
The latest version (released in 2008) is 1.3.1.30 and is still available at the Oracle website. Obsolete versions of Jinitiator can be made to work under Windows 7 with Internet Explorer 9, but this approach is not supported or recommended by Oracle.notsomany.wordpress.com/2010/03/30/jinitiator-working-on-windows-7/
Asin (actress) – In late 2008, Asin made her debut in the Bollywood film Ghajini (2008 film)|Ghajini (2008) opposite Aamir Khan which was the first Bollywood film to have collected more than 1billion in the domestic box office, subsequently collecting worldwide. Asin won the Filmfare Best Female Debut Award and many accolades for Ghajini. 2011 marked the most successful phase of Asin’s Bollywood career, as she starred in Anees Bazmee’s Romantic comedy film|romantic comedy, Ready (2011 film)|Ready, in which she co-starred alongside Salman Khan. The film was a major hit at the box office, collecting worldwide.[http://boxofficeindia.com/arounddetail.php?pageshownewsarticleid3997nCat
Top Worldwide Grossers ALL TIME: 100 Crore]. Box Office India (3 February 2012). Retrieved 10 July 2012. In 2012, Asin first starred in Sajid Khan’s multistarrer Housefull 2 which collected more than 1billion and received blockbuster status. She then featured in Bol Bachchan and Khiladi 786, which were also commercially successful with both grossing over 1billion.
Aditya Chopra – Ghajini (2008 film)|Ghajini (2008)
Chopra was present at a private screening of Ghajini that was held by Khan, for members of the Bollywood|film industry
Rajinikanth
Born and raised in the Indian city of Bangalore, Rajinikanth struggled as an impoverished child
Rajinikanth
In 2000, Rajinikanth was rewarded the Padma Bhushan, India’s third highest civilian honour.
Rajinikanth – Family
Rajinikanth’s ancestors hailed from a village called Mavadi Kadepathar|Mavdi Kade Pathar, a part of the Purandar taluka of the present-day Pune district, Maharashtra
Rajinikanth – Early education
At the age of six, Rajinikanth was enrolled at the Gavipuram Government Kannada Model Primary School where he had his primary education
Rajinikanth – Early education
After sixth grade, Rajinikanth was enrolled at the Acharya Pathasala Public School and studied there till completion of his pre-university course. During his schooling at the Acharya Pathasala, he spent a lot of time acting in plays. In one such occasion, he performed the role of the villainous Duryodhana in the play Kurukshetra.
Rajinikanth – Early jobs and film studies
The director advised him to learn to speak Tamil language|Tamil, a recommendation that Rajinikanth quickly followed.
Rajinikanth – Early career (1975–77)
The year saw Rajinikanth playing supporting roles in majority of the films with few of them being villainous
Rajinikanth – Experimentation and breakthrough (1978–89)
Priya, based on a detective novel by Sujatha Rangarajan had the distinction of being the first film of Rajinikanth to be shot mostly outside India, mainly in Southeast Asia.
Rajinikanth – Experimentation and breakthrough (1978–89)
Moondru Mugam had Rajinikanth playing three roles for the first time.
Rajinikanth – Experimentation and breakthrough (1978–89)
He acted in his first cameo role in the film Anbulla Rajinikanth
Rajinikanth – Experimentation and breakthrough (1978–89)
Rajinikanth finished the decade with films including Rajadhi Raja (1989 film)|Rajadhi Raja, Siva (1989 Tamil film)|Siva, Raja Chinna Roja and Mappillai (1989 film)|Mappillai while also starring in a few Bollywood productions
Rajinikanth – Commercial stardom (1990–2001)
Muthu’s success in Japan led American news magazine Newsweek to comment in a 1999 article that Rajinikanth had supplanted Leonardo DiCaprio as Japan’s trendiest heartthrob.[http://www.newsweek.com/1999/05/09/dancing-maharajas.html Dancing Maharajas.] Newsweek
Rajinikanth – Struggles, resurgence and acclaim (2002–10)
Rajinikanth himself repaid the losses incurred by the distributors
Rajinikanth – Struggles, resurgence and acclaim (2002–10)
During the production of Sivaji, Soundarya Rajinikanth announced her intention of producing a computer-generated imagery film starring an animated version of her father titled Sultan: The Warrior
Rajinikanth – Struggles, resurgence and acclaim (2002–10)
He might do one film in two years, but when he does, he pulls out all the stops.|source=—Rediff on Rajinikanth’s performance in Enthiran
Rajinikanth – Struggles, resurgence and acclaim (2002–10)
Rajinikanth also stated that he would work with Pyramid Saimira again to compensate for Kuselan.
Rajinikanth – Struggles, resurgence and acclaim (2002–10)
Rajinikanth was paid a remuneration of for the film
Rajinikanth – Hospitalisation and return (2011–present)
After addressing fans in a 4-minute digital recording|digitally recorded voice message to the media, Rajinikanth, under the advice of Amitabh Bachchan, travelled from Chennai to Singapore with his family on 21 May 2011, where he was to undergo further treatment for nephropathy at Mount Elizabeth Hospital
Rajinikanth – Hospitalisation and return (2011–present)
Following the completion of Kochadaiiyaan, Rajinikanth began work in Ravikumar’s next directorial venture, titled Lingaa.
Rajinikanth – Culture
It is suggested by the media that actresses such as Gouthami Tadimalla|Gouthami and Nayanthara got their initial breakthrough after co-starring with Rajinikanth very early in their careers, giving other aspiring actors the urge to work with him.
Rajinikanth – Culture
Rajinikanth is also the only Indian actor to be featured in the Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) syllabus, in a lesson titled From Bus Conductor to Superstar. After opening his first official Twitter account in 2014, Rajinikanth received over 210,000 followers within 24-hours, which according to The Economic Times was deemed by social media research firms as the fastest rate of followers for any Indian celebrity, as well as among the top-10 in the world.
Rajinikanth – Culture
Much like Chuck Norris facts, Rajinikanth facts or Rajinikanth jokes are widely circulated in text messages and memes over the Internet. These satirical jokes have also inspired several mobile applications for iOS and Android (operating system)|Android.
Rajinikanth – Politics
Later in 2004, Rajinikanth said he would personally vote for the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) but would not extend his support to any front during the Indian general election, 2004|upcoming Indian general election
Rajinikanth – Politics
After learning about this, Rajinikanth submitted an open letter to the media, declaring that he had no connection with these events and requested fans not to indulge in such activities, warning that he would take legal action if they failed to adhere
Rajinikanth – Family
The couple have two daughters named Aishwarya Rajinikanth and Soundarya Rajinikanth
Rajinikanth – Views
Rajinikanth has religiously visited major Hindu temples prior to the release of each of his films; for instance he visited the Tirumala Venkateswara Temple before the release of Sivaji (film)|Sivaji in 2007 and visited Sathya Sai Baba at Prasanthi Nilayam in Andhra Pradesh before the release of Kuselan the following year
Rajinikanth – Controversies
Film director Bharathi Raja lashed out against Rajinikanth, alleging him of dividing the film industry and saying that he was a traitor who had a tacit understanding with the Karnataka government.
Rajinikanth – Controversies
In a move to save the market of Tamil cinema in Karnataka and ensure welfare of Tamil Nadu-based filmmakers, Rajinikanth apologised for his statements in a brief media appearance on TV9 (Kannada)|TV9 Kannada
Rajinikanth – Controversies
Rajinikanth’s support toward fellow actor Ajith Kumar, who in 2010 condemned the forceful inclusion of Tamil cinema personae in political affairs, broke into a controversy.
Rajinikanth – Philanthropy
Rajinikanth’s fan associations regularly organise blood donation and eye donation camps and distribute food during his birthday.
Rajinikanth – Awards and honours
As of 2014, Rajinikanth has received six Tamil Nadu State Film Awards for his performances in various films
Rajinikanth – Awards and honours
Rajinikanth was also named one of the most influential persons in South Asia by Asiaweek
Folklore of Romania – The myth of the Blajini
Etymology of word blajin (adj.) is the slavonian blaž?n? meaning kind, well-minding person.DEX, Romanian Academy Publishing House, Bucharest, 1998, According to Christian calendar, Romanians from Banat, Transilvania, Bucovina and Maramure? counties celebrate Easter of Blajini on first Monday after St. Thomas Sunday. Easter of Blajini is called also Easter of Deaths or Mighty Easter.
Folklore of Romania – The myth of the Blajini
This other earth is imagined as a mirror image of our own, and as a home to creatures called Blajini (gentle/kind-hearted ones), sometimes given the name Rohmani in Bukovina|Bucovina
Folklore of Romania – The myth of the Blajini
The Romanian holiday Pa?tele Blajinilor (Easter of Blajini) is a way to repay them for the benefits they bring. Since they live in isolation, they have no way of knowing when Easter comes. It is for this reason that Romanians eat dyed eggs and let the shells flow downstream, from there they believe they will get to the Apa Sâmbetei, and from there to the Blajini.Cosma, Aurel. Op. cit., p 37. Blajini are invisible connectors between Inner and Hollow Earth.
Folklore of Romania – The myth of the Blajini
Blajin also means a dead child who did not receive the benediction of Holy Spirit. The ethno graph Marian Simion Florea wrote : Blajini are fictious beings, incarnations of dead children not baptized who live at the end of Earth, nearby The Holy water (of Saturday).Marian Simion Florea, Cultural Romanian Foundation Publishing House, Bucharest 1994
Folklore of Romania – The myth of the Blajini
Some explain them as the descendants of Adam’s son Seth. Others think that they used to live alongside humans on the earth, but Moses, seeing his people oppressed by them, split the waters and, after he and his people had retreated to safety, poured the waters back onto them, sending them to their current abode.Cosma, Aurel. Op. cit., p 34.
Folklore of Romania – The myth of the Blajini
For celebrating the souls of dead relatives or friends, Romanians from above mentioned counties prepare festive meals and offer them, in the cemetery, nearby the tombs, after the religious mass and benediction, to all who wished to commemorate and pay their respects to the dead. They cheer up in memory of the deceased.
Sarojini Nagar
‘Sarojini Nagar’ is a neighbourhood in South West Delhi district of Delhi, India. It was one of the sites of the 29 October 2005 Delhi bombings.www.news24.com/World/News/Delhi-blasts-death-toll-at-62-20051031 It is close to Safdarjung Airport, starting 2010, it is serviced by the INA (Delhi Metro)|INA underground station of the Delhi Metro.
Sarojini Nagar – Overview
Named after the famous woman freedom fighter Sarojini Naidu, this colony is encircled by Safdarjung Enclave, South Extension, Laxmibai Nagar, Nauroji Nagar, Chanakyapuri and Netaji Nagar, Delhi|Netaji Nagar
Sarojini Nagar – Overview
Essentially located in the South West Delhi locality of the city, Sarojini Nagar (or SN as it is sometimes called) is one of the places in the city to buy clothes and fabrics. Apart from a large number of large sized showrooms for various international and local brands, the crux of the market is formed by street side shops which sell garments of all sizes, designs and colors.
Sarojini Nagar – Overview
Recently Sarojini Nagar was in the international news when a small shop was destroyed (and has since been rebuilt) in the Diwali Delhi blasts on 29/10/05 Delhi bombings.
Sarojini Nagar – Overview
The market which is surrounded by government housing has the following sections, as locals call them. 90% of the shops in SN are family owned.
Sarojini Nagar – Overview
The first shop on the corner of Sarojini Nagar which faces the north-east of Babu Market is Mahindra Sweets
Sarojini Nagar – Overview
On the North West corner of the market, the first shop is a Shoe shop
Sarojini Nagar – Overview
The far south end of the Sarojini Nagar market is Subzi Market. Subzi is the common Hindi word for vegetables in North India. This Subzi market is famous for its fresh vegetables in South West Delhi. The vegetable vendors shout at the top of their voice to attract customers to their stalls. Some of these vendors get creative with the calls and rhyme them in a comic way.
Sarojini Nagar – Overview
Subzi market is also the best place to get freshest fruits in South West Delhi at a reasonable price. Customers can bargain with vendors when buying large quantities of fruits or vegetables. There is a parking lot right behind the market facing the Government Girls Senior Secondary School No. 1.
Sarojini Nagar – Overview
Facing Subzi market is a section of Central Market which is famous for the shops Alpana Traders, Kalpana Traders, Furniture Houses and General Stores where one can buy spice. Till the early 1990s the corner-most shop of the western end of this market used to be a Sweets Shop. After the father’s demise, the younger generation converted this into a garment shop. Right outside this shop however a traditional Tikki and Kulfi vendor continues to sell his famous Tikki and Kulfi.
Sarojini Nagar – Overview
The large ‘central market’ is shaped like a horizontally extended “I” or “][“
Sarojini Nagar – Overview
There are also a few famous leather belt vendors who occupy the space near the large arches where the you may still see the decades old sign “SAROJINI NAGAR”
Sarojini Nagar – Overview
Sarojini Nagar was also a hot bed of BJP, RSS and VHP activities
Lyn Hejinian
‘Lyn Hejinian’ (born May 17, 1941) is an American poet, essayist, translator and publisher. She is often associated with the Language poets and is well known for her landmark work My Life (Sun Moon, 1987, original version Burning Deck Press|Burning Deck, 1980), as well as her book of essays, The Language of Inquiry (University of California Press, 2000).
Lyn Hejinian – Life
Hejinian was born in the San Francisco Bay Area and now lives in Berkeley, California with her husband, composer/musician Larry Ochs (musician)|Larry Ochs
Lyn Hejinian – Life
Hejinian has worked on a number of collaborative projects with painters, musicians and film makers. She teaches poetics at University of California, Berkeley,english.berkeley.edu/profiles/38 and has lectured in Russia and around Europe. She has received grants and awards from the California Arts Council, the Academy of American Poets, the Poetry Fund, the National Endowment of the Arts, John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation|Guggenheim Foundation.
Lyn Hejinian – Life
She currently sponsors the NBC Thursday Night DeCal course at UC Berkeley.
Lyn Hejinian – Bibliography
* A Thought is the Bride of What Thinking. Berkeley, CA: Tuumba Press, 1976.
Lyn Hejinian – Bibliography
* A Mask of Motion. Providence, RI: Burning Deck, 1977.
Lyn Hejinian – Bibliography
* Writing is an Aid to Memory. Great Barrington, MA: The Figures, 1978.
Lyn Hejinian – Bibliography
* My Life. (revised and updated) LA: Sun Moon Press, 1987.
Lyn Hejinian – Bibliography
* Individuals. (written with Kit Robinson) Tucson, AZ: Chax Press, 1988.
Lyn Hejinian – Bibliography
* Leningrad. (written with Michael Davidson (poet)|Michael Davidson, Ron Silliman, Barrett Watten) San Francisco: Mercury House, 1991.
Lyn Hejinian – Bibliography
* [http://books.google.com/books?id=79Ng67x5-i8Cprintsec=frontcoverdq=Lyn+Hejinianlr=cd=1#v=onepageqf=false Oxota: A Short Russian Novel]. Great Barrington, MA: The Figures, 1991. ISBN 978-0-935724-44-8
Lyn Hejinian – Bibliography
* Jour de Chasse. trans. Pierre Alferi. Cahiers de Royaumont, 1992.
Lyn Hejinian – Bibliography
* Wicker. (written with Jack Collom) Boulder, CO: Rodent Press. 1996.
Lyn Hejinian – Bibliography
* The Little Book of A Thousand Eyes. Boulder, CO: Smoke-Proof Press, 1996.
Lyn Hejinian – Bibliography
* Writing is an Aid to Memory. Reprint, Los Angeles: Sun Moon Press, 1996.
Lyn Hejinian – Bibliography
* Guide, Grammar, Watch, and The Thirty Nights. Western Australia: Folio, 1996.
Lyn Hejinian – Bibliography
* Happily. Sausalito, CA: Post-Apollo Press, 2000.
Lyn Hejinian – Bibliography
* Chartings. (written with Ray DiPalma) Tucson: Chax Press, 2000.
Lyn Hejinian – Bibliography
* [http://books.google.com/books?id=cIRYUSJdAHMCprintsec=frontcoverdq=Lyn+Hejinianlr=cd=11#v=onepageqf=false Sunflower]. (written with Jack Collom) Great Barrington MA: The Figures, 2000. ISBN 978-1-930589-05-6
Lyn Hejinian – Bibliography
* [http://books.google.com/books?id=4OBnzZJaHv0Cprintsec=frontcoverdq=Lyn+Hejinianlr=cd=4#v=onepageqf=false The Language of Inquiry]. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2000. ISBN 978-0-520-21700-3
Lyn Hejinian – Bibliography
* The Beginner. New York: Spectacular Books, 2001.
Lyn Hejinian – Bibliography
* My Life. Reprints Sun Moon edition; Los Angeles: Green Integer, 2002.
Lyn Hejinian – Bibliography
* The Fatalist. Richmond, CA: Omnidawn Publishing, 2003. ISBN 978-1-890650-12-4
Lyn Hejinian – Bibliography
* The Book of a Thousand Eyes. Richmond, CA: Omnidawn Publishing, 2012. ISBN 978-1-890650-57-5
Lyn Hejinian – Translations
* Description. poems by Arkadii Dragomoshchenko. LA: Sun Moon Press, 1990.
Lyn Hejinian – Translations
* Arkadii Dragomoshchenko selections in Third Wave: The New Russian Poetry, ed. Kent Johnson and Stephen Ashby. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1992.
Lyn Hejinian – Translations
* Xenia. poems by Arkadii Dragomoshchenko. LA: Sun Moon Press. 1994.
Districts of Tanzania – Mjini Magharibi Region of Zanzibar
The districts of the Zanzibar Urban/West Region|Mjini Magharibi Region in Zanzibar as of the 2012 census, along with their populations:
Jining, Shandong
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Jining, Shandong
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Jining, Shandong
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Jining, Shandong
|subdivision_name = People’s Republic of China
Jining, Shandong
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Jining, Shandong
|subdivision_type2 = Administrative divisions of the People’s Republic of China#County level|County-level divisions
Jining, Shandong
|subdivision_type3 = Administrative divisions of the People’s Republic of China#Township level|Township-level divisions
Jining, Shandong
|population_as_of = 2010 census
Jining, Shandong
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Jining, Shandong
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Jining, Shandong
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Jining, Shandong
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Jining, Shandong
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Jining, Shandong
zh|s=?? |t=?? |p=J?níngzh|s= |p= |links=noconvert|920|km²|abbr=onflagicon|Japanflagicon|USflagicon|Franceflagicon|Japanflagicon|Russiaflagicon|Brazil Osasco, Brazil (2010)
List of Hindi film clans – Rajinikanth family
* Rajinikanth (actor, producer and screenwriter)
List of Hindi film clans – Rajinikanth family
* Latha Rajinikanth (film producer and playback singer – wife of Rajinikanth)
List of Hindi film clans – Rajinikanth family
** Aishwarya Rajinikanth (film producer and director – daughter of Rajinikanth)
List of Hindi film clans – Rajinikanth family
** Soundarya Rajinikanth (graphic designer, film producer and director – daughter of Rajinikanth)
List of Hindi film clans – Rajinikanth family
** Dhanush (actor, playback singer and lyricist – son in law of Rajinikanth)
List of Hindi film clans – Rajinikanth family
** Anirudh Ravichander (music director and playback singer – nephew of Rajinikanth)
Ghajini (2008 film)
It is a remake of Murugadoss’s own 2005 Tamil film Ghajini (2005 film)|Ghajini starring Surya Sivakumar in the lead role
Ghajini (2008 film)
Ghajini’s paid preview collections were
Ghajini (2008 film) – Plot
Sunita (Jiah Khan) is a medical student, working on a project about the human brain with her class friend
Ghajini (2008 film) – Plot
. When she is denied access by her professor to the curious case of Sanjay Singhania (Aamir Khan), a man reported to have anterograde amnesia, because it is under criminal investigation, Sunita decides to investigate the matter herself.
Ghajini (2008 film) – Plot
It is revealed that Sanjay loses his memory every 15 minutes. He uses a system of photographs, notes, and tattoos to recover his memory after each cycle to remind himself of his mission: to avenge the death of his beloved Kalpana (Asin). He systematically kills the people who were tied to the murder. His main target is Ghajini (Pradeep Rawat (actor)|Pradeep Rawat), a notable social personality in the city, and the man directly responsible for Kalpana’s death and Sanjay’s condition.
Ghajini (2008 film) – Plot
Police inspector Arjun Yadav (Riyaz Khan) tracks Sanjay down and hits him unconscious
Ghajini (2008 film) – Plot
Ghajini arrives at Sanjay’s flat and destroys all of Sanjay’s photographs and notes, as well as the tattoos on Sanjay’s body, so that Sanjay is left with nothing to help him recover his memory.
Ghajini (2008 film) – Plot
Kalpana’s last word to Sanjay was Ghajini.
Ghajini (2008 film) – Plot
He finally kills Ghajini, in the same way Ghajini had killed Kalpana.
Ghajini (2008 film) – Plot
The film ends with a still-amnesiac Sanjay volunteering at an orphanage. Sunita gives him a gift that reminds him of his bond with Kalpana, and Sanjay imagines Kalpana by his side, finally at peace with himself.
Ghajini (2008 film) – Cast
*Aamir Khan as Sanjay Singhania, a rich businessman; the chairman of a mobile phone company, Air Voice; who later suffers from anterograde amnesia|short term memory loss after a brutal attack
Ghajini (2008 film) – Cast
*Asin as Kalpana, a model who gains publicity by falsely proclaiming herself to be the girlfriend of Sanjay Singhania
Ghajini (2008 film) – Cast
*Jiah Khan as Sunita, a medical student, who tries to study the case of Sanjay Singhania and his amnesiac problem, even though she is forbidden to do so
Ghajini (2008 film) – Cast
*Pradeep Rawat (actor)|Pradeep Rawat as Ghajini Dharmatma, a gang honcho and the mastermind of many illegal and criminal ventures.
Ghajini (2008 film) – Cast
*Riyaz Khan as Inspector Arjun. A police inspector who is investigating the murders by Sanjay Singhania.
Ghajini (2008 film) – Cast
*Tinnu Anand as Satveer Kohli (Kalpana’s Boss)
Ghajini (2008 film) – Cast
*Sunil Grover as Sampat
Ghajini (2008 film) – Production
It was rumoured earlier that the film was titled Kajri. Shooting started in Chennai in May 2007. Other filming locations included Bangalore, Cape Town, Dead Vlei|Deadpan Desert and Mumbai. Aamir Khan had spent a year working out at the gym, training for his role. This was the Bollywood debut for Asin.
Ghajini (2008 film) – Release
Ghajini was released on 25 December 2008 with an estimated 1,500 prints worldwide, including 1,200 prints(digital and analogue versions) in the domestic market, making it the largest Bollywood release at that time. The domestic rights were sold to Geetha Arts for , while satellite,overseas and home media rights were sold at a total of , breaking the records of Shah Rukh Khan starrer Om Shanti Om’s .
Ghajini (2008 film) – Release
The overseas distributors, Reliance Entertainment released the film with 300 prints in 22 countries, including 112 prints in USA and Canada, 65 prints in the UK and 36 prints in UAE. Ghajini was also released in Norway, Germany, Denmark, Netherlands, Belgium, South Africa, Australia, New Zealand, Hong Kong and Singapore. It had around 650 paid previews which fetched it around 70million.
Ghajini (2008 film) – Home media
The two-disc collector’s edition DVD was manufactured by Big Home Video and distributed by international distributor, Adlabs Films Ltd on 13 March 2009 with a MSRP of US$19.99. It received a 15+ age rating by the British Board of Film Classification for persistent and excessive violence.
Ghajini (2008 film) – Video game
Ghajini has also reportedly earned from gaming rights (a first for a Bollywood film), for satellite rights for India and overseas and something to the tune of for home video and music.
Ghajini (2008 film) – Mobile content
Indiagames has developed four games and one application based on the title on the mobile platform. It has games like Ultimate Workout, Memory Revival, Brain Trek, and Ghajini The Game.
Ghajini (2008 film) – Controversies
Director A. R. Murugadoss was arrested shortly before the film’s completion. According to Salem Chandrasekhar (producer of the Ghajini (2005 film)|Tamil original), he had not bought the rights to remake the film in Hindi.www.rediff.com/news/2008/mar/01film.htm
Ghajini (2008 film) – Critical response
Rajeev Masand of CNN IBN gave 3 stars writing, Ghajini isn’t a particularly good film, but entertainment it delivers by the bucketful
Ghajini (2008 film) – Critical response
Anupama Chopra of NDTV said Ghajini isn’t a great film or even a very good one but I recommend that you see it
Ghajini (2008 film) – Critical response
Hindustan Times gave it 2 stars and said You’d like to give Ghajini a long-term memory loss
Ghajini (2008 film) – Trade analyst Komal Nahta estimated the film’s first week collections to be . According to Box Office India, Ghajini’s box-office worldwide gross total was . It was declared an All Time Blockbuster/Blockbuster (Bollywood Hindi Films)|All Time Blockbuster.boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat215catNameMjAwOA
Some other independent sources have stated that Ghajini has grossed in two weeks—totting up a domestic gross of and an overseas collection of . A success party was organised to celebrate Ghajini’s worldwide celebration in January 2009. Before this,one more success party was organised in Mumbai’s Taj Land’s End hotel on 30 December 2008,for celebrating that Ghajini grossed in five days.businessofcinema.com/boxoffice/box-office-aamirs-ghajini-grosses-rs-900-mn-worldwide/26306
Ghajini (2008 film) – Influences
According to Aamir Khan, Ghajini is not a remake or even slightly inspired by Memento, but it’s a remake of the Tamil film, Ghajini (2005 film)|Ghajini.
Ghajini (2008 film) – Influences
Several comical scenes in the film are similar to Happy Go Lovely (1951). The scene where Kalpana (Asin Thottumkal) helps a blind man to cross the road is similar to the Cinema of France|French film Amélie.
Ghajini (2008 film) – Influences
It was notable that Christopher Nolan was aware that an Indian film with a same kind of story similar to Memento was released though in a different story plot. As said by Anil Kapoor in an interview, when he met Nolan, he said Nolan was upset about the Hindi film and Nolan amusingly said that he was neither credited nor compensated.
Ghajini (2008 film) – Reception
The album received positive reviews from critics and fans. Bollywood Hungama gave an extremely positive review saying, The music of Ghajini is all set to make waves way into 2009 after the Christmas release of the film. When ‘best of the best’ list would be compiled at the year end, it would be hard to ignore Ghajini.
Ghajini (2008 film) – Reception
Rediff.com gave it the highest possible rating of five stars with the reviewer praising Rahman saying, This could just be one of his finest albums ever. Not just are the tracks great, but each one segues into the next with perfect unpredictability.
Ghajini (2008 film) – Awards
* Stardust Superstar of Tomorrow – Female-Asin
Ghajini (2008 film) – Awards
* Stardust Awards|Stardust Hottest New Filmmaker- A.R. Murugadoss
Ghajini (2008 film) – Awards
* Stardust Hottest New Film Award
Sarojini Naidu
‘Sarojini Naidu’, born as ‘Sarojini Chattopadhyay’ () also known by the sobriquet as ‘The Nightingale of India’, was a child prodigy, Indian independence activist and poet. Naidu served as the first governor of the United Provinces of Agra and Oudh from 1947 to 1949; the first woman to become the governor of an Indian state. She was the second woman to become the president of the Indian National Congress in 1925 and the first Indian woman to do so.
Sarojini Naidu – Early life
Sarojini Naidu was born in Hyderabad to Aghore Nath Chattopadhyay and Barada Sundari Debi on 13 February 1879. Her father, with a doctorate of Science from University of Edinburgh|Edinburgh University, settled in Hyderabad, where he found and administered the Hyderabad College, which later became the Nizam College|Nizam’s College in Hyderabad. Her mother was a poetess and used to write poetry in Bengali.
Sarojini Naidu – Early life
She was the eldest among the eight siblings. Her brother Virendranath Chattopadhyaya was a revolutionary and her other brother, Harindranath Chattopadhyay|Harindranath was a poet, a dramatist, and an actor.
Sarojini Naidu – Early life
Naidu passed her matriculation examination from the University of Madras, but she took four years’ break from her studies. In 1895, the Nizam scholarship Trust founded by the 6th Nizam – Mir Mahbub Ali Khan, gave her the chance to study in England first at King’s College London and later at Girton College, Cambridge.
Sarojini Naidu – Early life
Naidu met Govindarajulu Naidu, a doctor by profession, and at the age of 19, after finishing her studies, she got married to him. At this time, inter-caste marriages were not allowed, but her father approved the marriage.
Sarojini Naidu – Early life
The couple had five children. Her daughter Padmaja Naidu|Padmaja became the Governor of West Bengal.
Sarojini Naidu – Political career
Naidu joined the Indian independence movement|Indian national movement in the wake of Partition of Bengal (1905)|partition of Bengal in 1905. She came into contact with Gopal Krishna Gokhale, Rabindranath Tagore, Muhammad Ali Jinnah, Annie Besant, C. P. Ramaswami Iyer, Mahatma Gandhi and Jawaharlal Nehru.
Sarojini Naidu – Political career
During 1915–1918, she travelled to different regions in India delivering lectures on social welfare, women’s empowerment and nationalism. She also helped to establish the Women’s suffrage#India|Women’s Indian Association (WIA) in 1917. She was sent to London along with Annie Besant, President of WIA, to present the case for the women’s vote to the Joint Select Committee.
Sarojini Naidu – President of the Congress party
In 1925, Naidu presided over the annual session of Indian National Congress at Cawnpore (now Kanpur).
Sarojini Naidu – President of the Congress party
In 1929, she presided over East African Indian Congress in South Africa. She was awarded the Kaisar-i-Hind Medal by the British government for her work during the plague epidemic in India.
Sarojini Naidu – President of the Congress party
In 1930 during the salt satyagrah she was one of the women protesters at the Dharsana salt works, Gujrat. Hundreds of satyagrahis were beaten by soldiers under British command at Dharasana. The ensuing publicity attracted world attention to the Indian independence movement and brought into question the legitimacy of British rule in India.
Sarojini Naidu – President of the Congress party
In 1931, she participated in the Round table conference with Gandhi and Madan Mohan Malaviya.
Sarojini Naidu – President of the Congress party
She played a leading role during the Civil Disobedience Movement and was jailed along with Gandhi and other leaders. In 1942, she was arrested during the Quit India Movement|Quit India movement.
Sarojini Naidu – Literary career
Naidu began writing at the age of twelve. Her Persian play, Maher Muneer, impressed the Nawab of Hyderabad.
Sarojini Naidu – Literary career
In 1905, her first collection of poems, named The Golden Threshold was published. Her poems were admired by many prominent Indian politicians like Gopal Krishna Gokhale.
Sarojini Naidu – Literary career
Her collection of poems entitled The Feather of The Dawn was edited and published posthumously in 1961 by her daughter Padmaja.
Sarojini Naidu – Death and legacy
Sarojini Naidu died of a heart attack while working in her office in Lucknow on 2 March (Wednesday), 1949.
Sarojini Naidu – Death and legacy
She is commemorated through the naming of several institutions including the Sarojini Naidu College for Women, Sarojini Naidu Medical College, Sarojini Devi Eye Hospital and University of Hyderabad#Sarojini Naidu School of Arts Communication|Sarojini Naidu School of Arts and Communication, University of Hyderabad.
Sarojini Naidu – Death and legacy
Sarojini Naidu, the newly elected President of the All-India Congress and a woman who combines in the most remarkable way great intellectual power with charm, sweetness with courageous energy, a wide culture with originality, and earnestness with humor
Sarojini Naidu – Golden Threshold
The Golden Threshold is an off-campus annexe of University of Hyderabad. The building was the residence of Naidu’s father Aghornath Chattopadhyay, the first Principal of Hyderabad College. It was named after Naidu’s collection of poetry. Golden Threshold now houses Sarojini Naidu School of Arts Communication of University of Hyderabad.
Sarojini Naidu – Golden Threshold
During the Chattopadhyay family’s residence, it was the center of many reformist ideas in Hyderabad, India|Hyderabad, in areas ranging from marriage, education, women’s empowerment, literature and nationalism.
Sarojini Naidu – Works
* 1905: The Golden Threshold, published in the United KingdomKnippling, Alpana Sharma, Chapter 3: Twentieth-Century Indian Literature in English, in Natarajan, Nalini, and Emanuel Sampath Nelson, editors, [http://books.google.com/books?id=1lTnv6o-d_oCdq=Urdu+poetsnum=100output=htmlsource=gbs_summary_scad=0 Handbook of Twentieth-century Literatures of India] (Google books link), Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Publishing Group, 1996, ISBN 978-0-313-28778-7, retrieved 10 December 2008 (text [http://books.google.com/books?id=XM8fAAAAMAAJdq=%22The+Golden+Threshold%22+Naiduprintsec=frontcoversource=bnhl=ensa=Xoi=book_resultresnum=4ct=result available online])
Sarojini Naidu – Works
* 1912: The Bird of Time: Songs of Life, Death the Spring, published in LondonVinayak Krishna Gokak, [http://books.google.com/books?id=WLE8GVsAfEMCprintsec=frontcover#v=onepageqf=false The Golden Treasury Of Indo-Anglian Poetry (1828–1965), p 313, New Delhi: Sahitya Akademi (1970, first edition; 2006 reprint), ISBN 81-260-1196-3, retrieved August 6, 2010]
Sarojini Naidu – Works
* 1917: The Broken Wing: Songs of Love, Death and the Spring, including The Gift of India (first read in public in 1915)Sisir Kumar Das, [http://books.google.com/books?id=sqBjpV9OzcsCprintsec=frontcover#v=onepageqf=false A History of Indian Literature 1911–1956: Struggle for Freedom: Triumph and Tragedy], p 523, New Delhi: Sahitya Akademi (1995), ISBN 81-7201-798-7; retrieved 10 August 2010
Sarojini Naidu – Works
* 1943: The Sceptred Flute: Songs of India, Allahabad: Kitabistan, posthumously published
Sarojini Naidu – Works
* 1961: The Feather of the Dawn, posthumously published, edited by her daughter, Padmaja NaiduLal, P., Modern Indian Poetry in English: An Anthology a Credo, p 362, Calcutta: Writers Workshop, second edition, 1971 (however, on page 597 an editor’s note states contents on the following pages are a supplement to the first edition and is dated 1972)
Sarojini Naidu – Famous Poems
* Damayante to Nala in the Hour of Exile
Sarojini Naidu – Famous Poems
* In Salutation to the Eternal Peace
Sarojini Naidu – Death and legacy
Sarojini Naidu, the newly-elected President of the All-India Congress and a woman who combines in the most remarkable way great intellectual power with charm, sweetness with courageous energy, a wide culture with originality, and earnestness with humor
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